Perbandingan Efisiensi dan Kapasitas Baterai Sepeda Motor Jenis Lithium Iron Phosphate (LifePO4), Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) , dan Lead Acid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/mars.v3i4.987Keywords:
Batterys, Capacity, Efficiency, Lead Acid, Li-ionAbstract
The development of electric motor vehicles drives the need for efficient, stable, and reliable energy storage systems. This study aims to compare the performance of three types of batteries commonly used in electric motorcycles, namely LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Phosphate), Li-Ion (Lithium Ion), and Lead Acid (Lead Battery). The parameters tested include energy efficiency, capacity, and performance during the starting process. The test method was carried out for 60 minutes through a charging and discharging process (charge-discharge), using a pzem-015 measuring instrument and a multimeter to monitor the current, voltage, input/output power, and battery capacity. The test results show that the LiFePO4 battery provides the best performance. This battery has the highest efficiency and capacity, reaching 1430 mAh, with a stable average efficiency in the range of 50–60%. In addition, LiFePO4 also produces the highest current and voltage when used for starting, making it very reliable for the initial needs of electric motorcycle operation. Meanwhile, the Li-Ion battery recorded a high initial efficiency of up to 87.27%, but this efficiency decreased and then stabilized at 72%, with a recorded capacity of 1360 mAh. Although its efficiency is quite good, its long-term stability is still below that of LiFePO4. Meanwhile, the Lead Acid battery showed the lowest performance. Its efficiency continued to decline to only 26.3% at the end of the test. Its capacity is 1380 mAh, but the increase is unstable, indicating inconsistencies in power storage and discharge. Based on these results, LiFePO4 batteries are recommended as the main choice for electric motorcycles because they excel in aspects of energy efficiency, performance stability, and long-term durability.
References
Aisyah, Habibi, M. N., Prasetyo, M. I., Windarko, N. A., & Yanaratri, D. S. (2020). Estimasi state of charge (SOC) pada baterai lithium-ion menggunakan feed-forward backpropagation neural network dua tingkat. Jurnal Teknologi Terpadu, 2, 82–91.
Dwipayana, A. D., Sasue, R. R. O., & Darmayant, N. L. (2025). View of analisis faktor pembebanan terhadap efisiensi dan termal pada baterai lithium ion 60 volt/23 Ah sepeda motor listrik yang dirancang bangun dengan daya 3000 watt.
Ervinka, F., Hadila, S., Hidayah, I. F., Panji Kumara, S. P., Pranata, K. B., & Ghufron, M. (2021). Simulasi pengaruh durasi pengisian-pengosongan terhadap performa baterai dinamis asam timbal. Wafi, 6, 102–115. https://doi.org/10.17509/wafi.v6i2.34907
Fadhilah, M. H., & Kurniawan, E. (2025). Perancangan dan implementasi MPPT charge controller pada panel surya menggunakan mikrokontroler untuk pengisian baterai sepeda listrik.
Fadilla, D. A., Matthew, D., & Alfarizi, R. (2024). Rancang bangun dan pengujian sistem pengisian serta pengosongan baterai jenis Li-Ion dan Lead-Acid dengan sumber PLTS. Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa Instalasi Listrik (JTRIL), 1(2), 15–21.
Hamid, R. M., Rizky, Amin, M., & Bagus, I. (2023). Rancang bangun charger baterai untuk kebutuhan UMKM. Jurnal Teknologi Terpadu, 4, 130–136. https://doi.org/10.32487/jtt.v4i2.175
Hamida, H. N., & Munasir. (2023). Review: Studi kinerja dan modifikasi doping pada material LiFePO4 sebagai katoda baterai Li-Ion. Jurnal Inovasi Fisika Indonesia, 12, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v12n2.p56-65
Karimah, C. N., Zain, & N. A. L. (2023). Analisa batrai sebagai sumber kelistrikan kendaraan roda dua ditinjau dari kapasitas dan efisiensi. Jurnal Teknik Terapan, 2, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.25047/jteta.v2i1.24
Mursid, S. P. (2023). Perancangan smart charger baterei asam timbal berbasis ATTiny85. Jurnal Energi, 12, 10–17. https://doi.org/10.35313/energi.v12i1.5134
Perdana, F. (2025). Batrai lithium. Accessed February 1, 2025.
Permatasari, E. P., Rindi, M. P., & Purwanto, A. (2017). Pembuatan katoda baterai lithium ion iron phosphate (LiFePO4) dengan metode solid state reaction. Equilibrium: Jurnal Chemical Engineering, 1(1), Artikel 1. https://doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v1i1.40373
Ramba, K. (2022). Desain dan simulasi pengisian baterai dengan solar cell dengan metode multi loop. Jurnal Teknik Mesin Industri Elektro dan Informatika, 1(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55606/jtmei.v1i2.472
Samsul, M. E., & Suprapto, T. (2023). Perbandingan baterai lithium ion dan baterai valve regulated lead acid 48 volt 20 ampere terhadap kelayakan pakai sepeda motor listrik konversi SMK Negeri 55 Jakarta. Elektronika, Kendali, Telekomunikasi, Tenaga Listrik, dan Komputer, 6.
Satriady, A., Alamsyah, W., Hisaad, A., & Hidayat, S. (2016). Pengaruh luas elektroda terhadap karakteristik baterai LiFePO4. Jurnal Material dan Energi, 6, 43–48.
Setya, A. N., & Agung, A. I. (2017). Efisiensi energi listrik dalam upaya meningkatkan power quality dan penghematan energi listrik di gedung Universitas Ciputra (UC) Apartment Surabaya.
Wijaya, N., Kumara, I. N. S., Partha, C. G. I., & Divayana, Y. (2021). Perkembangan baterai dan charger untuk mendukung pemasyarakatan sepeda listrik di Indonesia. Jurnal Spektrum, 8, 15–26. https://doi.org/10.24843/SPEKTRUM.2021.v08.i01.p3
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mars : Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Industri, Elektro Dan Ilmu Komputer
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
